Die samewerking tussen predikant, kerkraad en orrelis

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Video quality requirements for South African Sign Language communications over mobile phones.

Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.This project aims to find the minimum video resolution and frame rate that supports intelligible cell phone based video communications in South African Sign Language

The epidemiology of operations performed by the National Sea Rescue Institute of South Africa over a 5-year period

Background: Injuries remain a major contributor of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with drowningaccounting for 7% of all injury-related deaths with rates of between 4 and 8 per 100,000. The Africanregion has death rates comparable to most low-income countries. Non-fatal drowning in Africa remainsunquantified but it is estimated to be ten times higher than the fatal drowning rate. Timely search andrescue, initial resuscitation and rapid transportation to definitive care play a crucial role in preventing injury-related morbidity and mortality. The National Sea Rescue Institute (NSRI) of South Africa is a non-profitorganisation responsible for ~97% of maritime search and rescue operations in South Africa (includinginland navigable waters). The aim of the study was to describe the epidemiology of operations performedby the NSRI of South Africa over a 5-year period.Materials and methods: The NSRI operational database was analysed from 1 January 2010 to 31 December2014. Summary statistics are presented.Results: The NSRI launched 3281 operations over the study period. Marked seasonal variation were noticeablewith peak periods in December and January, corresponding to the South African summer holidayseason. Water-based operations (67.6%) were the most frequent operation performed. The NSRI assisted3399 individuals of which 77% were male. The mean age of rescued persons was 42 years. Eight hundredand thirty-six (25%) individuals had non-fatal injuries or illnesses requiring medical assistance. Medicalemergencies (35%), traumatic injuries (32.8%), and non-fatal drownings (23%) were the most commontypes of injury and illness. The majority of the 184 (18%) deaths recorded were due to drowning (75%).Conclusions: Injury and illness, specifically drowning utilise a large proportion of search and rescue services.The results suggest further preventative measures and public health strategies be implemented tominimise traumatic and medical incident severity and subsequent casualties at sea

The fatigue life cycle prediction of a light aircraft undercarriage

The reliability of systems relies heavily on accurate fatigue life prediction of related components. Fatigue life prediction is a complicated process requiring the correct methodology to determine accurate and reliable predictions. The Palmgren – Miner damage accumulation hypothesis is widely used in determining the fatigue life of components exposed to variable loading conditions. Modifications have been made to this hypothesis trying to achieve a greater degree of accuracy, of these the Liu – Zenner modification has been the most successful. In this report the systematic process of fatigue life prediction using the Liu – Zenner modification to achieve reliable results is calculated. A representative stress time history measured in service on the component forms the basis for defining a flight cycle which is the chosen unit in which to express the fatigue life. Rainflow cycle counting performed on the stress time history allowed the formulation of a load spectrum to which the component is exposed in one cycle. Combining the load spectrum with the developed SN curve of the component and using the Liu – Zenner modification to the Palmgren – Miner rule a reliable fatigue life in cycles is predicted

Bootstrap-based tolerance intervals for nested two-way random effects models

Variance component, or random effects, models are frequently used by manufacturers to model the variance present in a manufacturing process. By applying tolerance intervals to variance component models, manufacturers are able to set upper and lower limits to monitor the variance within a process. Existing methods for constructing tolerance intervals are constrained by the necessity for data to be normally distributed. Recently, non-parametric bootstrap-based methods were developed by Deyzel (2018) to obtain α-expectation and (α, β) two-sided tolerance intervals for the two-way nested random effects model. Classical and non-parametric methods for obtaining tolerance intervals for the one way random effects model have been assessed in accordance with Rebafka et al. (2007). The present study assesses and compares classical, Bayesian and non-parametric methods for obtaining tolerance intervals for the two-way nested random effects model under different assumptions of the underlying distribution. Results show that the non-parametric methods provided relatively narrow intervals, and generally retain the nominal content and guarantee levels, regardless of the underlying distributionThesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Mathematical Statistics , 202

An analysis of challenging the commissioner's discretionary powers invoked in terms of Section 74A and 74B of the Income Tax Act 58 of 1962, in light of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 108 of 1996.

Ph. D. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg 2014.This thesis deals with the relevant law up to 30 September 2012. This thesis analyses the inter-relationship in particular between ss 1(c), 33, 41(1), 195(1) and 237 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (‘the Constitution’) (collectively referred to as ‘constitutional obligations’); s 4(2) of the South African Revenue Service Act 34 of 1997 (‘SARS Act’); the Promotion of Administrative Justice Act 3 of 2000 (‘PAJA’); and a decision by the Commissioner for the South African Revenue Service (‘the Commissioner’ or ‘SARS’, as the case may be) to exercise his powers under ss 74A and 74B of the Income Tax Act 58 of 1962 (‘ss 74A and 74B of the Income Tax Act’) by requiring taxpayers to produce or provide information, documents and things at the commencement of an inquiry or audit of taxpayers, and concludes that such a decision constitutes ‘administrative action’ as defined in s 1 of PAJA, or, alternatively is subject to the constitutional principle of legality. This conclusion is reached on the basis that such a decision, of an administration nature made, or leading to a further decision proposed to be made, or required to be made, to issue revised assessments will: · have been taken by an organ of State exercising a public power in terms of legislation; · involve the exercise of a discretionary power, where SARS determines whether and in what circumstances it will require a taxpayer to provide information, documents and things; · adversely affect taxpayers’ rights, and has a direct, external legal effect. The fact that the power in question is preliminary and investigative, and that its exercise does not in itself determine whether any tax, penalties and interest is payable, does not detract from the impending conclusion usually made by the same SARS officials that tax, penalties and interest will most likely become payable following from the preliminary investigation. The decision imposes on taxpayers an obligation to do something (to produce or provide information, documents and things) which, but for the exercise of that power, taxpayers would not in law be obliged to do, due to taxpayers’ privacy rights in terms of s 14 of the Constitution, and entitling them to expect SARS to abide by its constitutional obligations. A failure by taxpayers to comply exposes them to criminal prosecution under s 75(1)(b) of the Income Tax Act. Furthermore, the power exercised by SARS is not subject to the normal objection and appeal processes in the Income Tax Act, limiting the opportunity for taxpayers to challenge such a decision in terms of the Income Tax Act. Lastly, there is no relevant exclusion in the definition of ‘administrative action’ that removes this type of decision from that definition in PAJA

Bootstrap-based tolerance intervals for nested two-way random effects models

Variance component, or random effects, models are frequently used by manufacturers to model the variance present in a manufacturing process. By applying tolerance intervals to variance component models, manufacturers are able to set upper and lower limits to monitor the variance within a process. Existing methods for constructing tolerance intervals are constrained by the necessity for data to be normally distributed. Recently, non-parametric bootstrap-based methods were developed by Deyzel (2018) to obtain α-expectation and (α, β) two-sided tolerance intervals for the two-way nested random effects model. Classical and non-parametric methods for obtaining tolerance intervals for the one way random effects model have been assessed in accordance with Rebafka et al. (2007). The present study assesses and compares classical, Bayesian and non-parametric methods for obtaining tolerance intervals for the two-way nested random effects model under different assumptions of the underlying distribution. Results show that the non-parametric methods provided relatively narrow intervals, and generally retain the nominal content and guarantee levels, regardless of the underlying distributionThesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Mathematical Statistics , 202

Energy efficient coordinate establishment in wireless sensor networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) refer to a group of spatially deployed devices which are used to monitor or detect phenomena, and have the ability to relay sensed data and signalling wirelessly. Positioning information in WSNs is absolutely crucial to perform tasks such as intelligent routing, data aggregation and data collection optimally. A need exists for localisation algorithms which are scalable, distributed, energy efficient and easy to deploy. This research proposes a beaconless Cluster-based Radial Coordinate Establishment (CRCE) positioning algorithm to locate sensor nodes relative to a local coordinate system. The system does not make use of Global Positioning System (GPS) or any other method to provide apriori position information for a set of nodes prior to the CRCE process. The objective of CRCE is to reduce energy consumption while providing a scalable coordinate establishment method for use in WSNs. To reduce energy consumption during the node positioning process, the research focuses on minimising the number of message exchanges in the network by implementing a cluster-based network topology and utilising the potential of geographically distributed processors. A radial coordinate convergence process is proposed to achieve scalability as the number of sensors in the network increases. Three other localisation algorithms are investigated and compared to CRCE to identify the one best suited for coordinate establishment in WSNs. Two of these comparison algorithms are published in the literature and the other is a modified version of one of the published algorithms. The results show a significant decrease in the number of messages that are necessary to establish a network-wide coordinate system successfully, ultimately making it more scalable and energy efficient. In addition, position based algorithms, such as location based routing, can be deployed on top of CRCE.Dissertation (MEng (Computer Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2006.Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineeringunrestricte